The Prevalence Of Obesity @Australia

Question: Obesity in Australia;Discuss this claim. Answer: The prevalence of obesity cases across the globe proving to be the major concern in context to enhancing the risk of population for developing cardiovascular disorders. The reported cases of obesity outbreak in the Australian subcontinent induced the requirement for conducting clinical research in proactively determining the prevalence of predisposing factors including overweight, obesity and morbid obesity leading to cardiovascular disorders among the target population. The report published by World Health Organization (2000:p.84) reveal the sustained prevalence of obesity cases resulting in serious cardiovascular disorders including essential and malignant hypertension, and coronary artery diseases among the Australian population. Gard (2011:p.79) describes the increasing percentage of obesity cases responsible for Australias high ranking among the developed nations reported with cardiovascular fatalities. The findings from Australian Bureau of Statistics (cited in Chang Johnson, 2014:p. 212) reveal the predisposition of 64% of Australian population for cardiovascular disorders. The clinical parameters for defining obesity and overweight relate to measuring the body mass index (BMI) of the affected population. The BMI of greater than 30 corresponds to the obese status; however, the values ranging from 25 - 29 indicate abnormal weight of the predisposed individuals, in accordance with the international clinical standard. LeMone et al (2014:p.647) describe the significant impact of obesity in increasing the burden of cardiovascular diseases among the Australian population. The clinical literature supports the contention in context to the potential of obesity in affecting the cardiovascular, respiratory, genitourinary, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, reproductive and endocrine physiology of the Australian population. Indeed, lifestyle changes and improper nutrition include the important factors primarily responsible for the sustained prevalence of obesity ep idemic within the Australian dominion. Ogden (2007:p.336) describes obesity as one of the causes of episodes of chronic back pain, cancer and diabetes within the developed nations including Australia and United Kingdom. The individuals affected by obesity predisposed to psychological conditions like depression, suicidal ideation, and anxiety and panic attacks. Slee et al (2012:p.383) illustrate the psychological problems resulting from obesity disorder among the Australian children. The impact of obesity in elevating the levels of serum triglyceride, insulin and cholesterol, and reducing the production of somatotropin predisposes the affected individuals to developing serious metabolic and psychosomatic disorders. The lack of desirable physical activity and inappropriate eating habits attribute to the acquired predisposition for obesity and resulting metabolic syndromes among the Australian Population. Woolfolk Margetts (2013:p.156) describe the lack of predefined assessment protoc ols and definitive measurement parameters in context to the abnormal eating patterns among Australian children. The abnormal eating habits in terms of nutritional inadequacies contribute to the increased prevalence of reported obesity cases leading to likelihood for developing fatal metabolic syndromes and dread diseases like intestinal and renal malignancies. The epidemiological statistical data reveals the tendencies in gaining excessive weight as directly related to the age advancements of the studied Australian population. Moreover, the indigenous males in the Australian region experience an increased risk of developing metabolic abnormalities resulting from obesity, as compared to the female population. Crawford (2010:p.22) illustrates the obesity trends between Australian males and females reported by the AusDiab epidemiological findings. The study reveals an increased prevalence of obesity cases among Australian women, as compared to the male population. However, the clinical literature still supports the contention of increased risk of cardiovascular abnormalities for the obese males in comparison to the overweight female individuals. The sustained prevalence of obesity complications in the Australian subcontinent warrant devising proactive strategies in challenging the progression of this metabolic disturbance for preventing the risk of diabetes, cancers and cardiovascular disorders among the overweight and obese individuals. Waters et al (2010) emphasize the need of configuring a mutually contrived obesity prevention strategy by the civil society as well as the public and private healthcare sector. The psychosocial and physiological perspectives in context to the obesity epidemic require thorough analysis and understanding by the healthcare professionals in reducing the prevalence of psychological and cardiovascular manifestations resulting from metabolic abnormalities. Proactive approaches in devising healthcare strategies in terms of imparting education regarding lifestyle modifications and dietary management highly warranted in challenging the progression of obesity and its fatal outcomes among the target pop ulation. Synergistic efforts by various medical fraternities and the common masses required to cease the promotion of unhealthy food and dietary supplements primarily responsible for the increased prevalence of obesity cases among the Australian population. The clinical perspectives warrant practicing life course approaches in addressing and mitigating the obesity epidemic and resulting fatalities from the cardiovascular outcomes among the affected individuals. The factors susceptible for the obesity manifestations require thorough analysis while devising prevention approaches and therapeutic modalities against the emerging obesity epidemic across the Australian regions. The healthcare policies governing food quality, dietary management and marketing strategies require strategic implementation to encourage the practice of hygiene and food safety measures required to sustain metabolic homeostasis among the target population. Psychological counselling, physical activity, exercise and dietary modifications need emphasis by the healthcare agencies in reducing the susceptibility factors for obesity and metabolic complications among the predisposed individuals. The practice of implementing effective strategies governed by a concrete legislative infrastructure highly warranted in safeguarding the rights of individuals for consuming nutritionally balanced food to ensure prevention of obesity and related manifestations (Waters et al, 2010). The health gaps in context to the predisposing factors including tobacco abuse, psychological abnormalities, pregnancy complications, chronic kidney disease, nutritional abnormalities and alcoholism require critical analysis in strategically challenging the resulting outcome of obesity and its metabolic and cardiovascular manifestations within the predisposed population (Rivers, 2010:pp.26-27). The healthcare approaches for preventing obesity warrant careful analysis of health status, nutritional variations, environmental influences and cultural differences between the target populations. The effectiveness and clinical significance of various weight loss programs in the Australian region requires validation to ascertain their authenticity in challenging the progression of obesity and its associated morbidities. The genomic predisposition to obesity warrants statistical analysis of the genetic profile of the target population to determine their likelihood in developing obesity, with the intent to devise effective preventive measures in retaining the health and vitality of the studied population. The epidemiological literature reveals the increased mortalities among Australian aboriginal people due to reported manifestations of pulmonary malignancy, respiratory abnormalities and coronary artery disease. The frequency, extent and severity of these life-threatening manifestations vary with any pre-existing morbidities including obesity, diabetes and other metabolic complications. The prevention of these serious fatalities warrant stringent implementation of potential public health policy and development of supportive environments while imparting education and counselling to the predisposed individuals for ensuring their physical health and psychosomatic stability under controlled circumstances. Williams Fruhbeck (2009:p.544-545) document the clinical relevance of multidimensional approaches in preventing and controlling obesity among the Australian children. These effective and clinically proven approaches indeed include imparting education and counselling to families of the o bese children, proceeding with the nutrition campaigns and encouraging children to participate in co-curricular and physical activities. The implementation of these clinically proven health approaches will assist in preventing and treating obesity epidemic, and controlling its secondary outcomes among the affected individuals. Contrarily, the metabolically stable obese individuals require further analysis in terms of conducting clinical trials in a controlled environment to investigate the impact of practicing preventive and therapeutic interventions on the health and wellness of these particular individuals. The clinical perspectives of maternal obesity among pregnant women, and its resulting influence on the episodes of gestational diabetes advocate practicing dietary and lifestyle modification interventions to avoid the risk for cardiovascular and metabolic complications in antenatal conditions. Indeed, promoting primary healthcare services, enhancing public awareness related to the obesity complications, initiating dietary reforms and imparting education sessions for implementing obesity control measures constitute some of the essential necessities warranted to challenge the progression of cardiovascular and metabolic manifestations of obesity in context to the epidemiological perspective. References Chang, E Johnson, A 2014, Chronic Illness and Disability: Principles for Nursing Practice, Elsevier, Australia Crawford, D 2010, Obesity Epidemiology: From Aetiology to Public Health (2nd edn.), Oxford Gard, M 2011, The End of the Obesity Epidemic, Routledge, USA LeMone, P, Burke, K, Dwyer, T, Levett-Jones, T, Moxham, L, Reid-Searl, K, Berry, K, Carville, K, Hales, M, Knox, N, Luxford, Y Raymond, D 2014, Medical-Surgical Nursing, Pearson, Australia Ogden, J 2007, Health Psychology: A Textbook, Mcgraw Hill, England Rivers, L 2010, No More Gaps, Xlibris, USA Slee, P, Campbell, M Spears, B 2012, Child, Adolescent and Family Development, Cambridge, NY Waters, E, Swinburn, B, Seidell, J Uauy, R 2010, Preventing Childhood Obesity: Evidence Policy and Practice, Wiley, UK Williams, G Fruhbeck, G 2009, Obesity: Science to Practice, Wiley, USA Woolfolk, A Margetts, K 2013, Educational Psychology (3rd edn.), Pearson, Australia World Health Organization 2000, Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic, WHO, Geneva.